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19-03-2026, 08:45 PM
ٱáúÃóÈöíõæäöíøóÉõ: äóÔúÃóÊõåóÇ¡ æóãõÚúÊóÞóÏóÇÊõåóÇ¡ æóÊóÃúËöíÑõåóÇ Ýöí ٱáÊøóÇÑöíÎö ٱáÏøöíäöíøö
ÝõÄóÇÏ ÒóÇÏöíßöí
ٱáúÃóÈöíõæäöíøóÉõ åöíó ÝöÑúÞóÉñ ÏöíäöíøóÉñ ÞóÏöíãóÉñ ÙóåóÑóÊú Ýöí ÈóÏóÇíóÇÊö ٱáúÞõÑõæäö ٱáúãöíáóÇÏöíøóÉö ٱáúÃõæáóì¡ æóÊõÚóÏøõ ãöäó ٱáúÝöÑóÞö ٱáøóÊöí ٱäúÊóÓóÈóÊú Åöáóì ٱáúãóÓöíÍöíøóÉö ٱáúÃõæáóì ãóÚó ٱÍúÊöÝóÇÙöåóÇ ÈöÈóÚúÖö ٱáúãõÄóËøöÑóÇÊö ٱáúíóåõæÏöíøóÉö. æóÞóÏö ٱÎúÊóáóÝó ٱáúãõÄóÑøöÎõæäó Ýöí ÊóÝúÕöíáö äóÔúÃóÊöåóÇ¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõãú íóÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì ÃóäøóåóÇ ÙóåóÑóÊú Ýöí ÈöáóÇÏö ٱáÔøóÇãö¡ æóÎóÇÕøóÉð Ýöí ÝöáóÓúØöíä æóãóÇ ÍóæúáóåóÇ¡ Ýöí ÃóæóÇÎöÑö ٱáúÞóÑúäö ٱáúÃóæøóáö ٱáúãöíáóÇÏöíøö.
íõÚúÊóÞóÏõ Ãóäøó ٱáúÃóÈöíõæäöíøöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ Ýöí ٱáúÃóÕúáö ãöäó ٱáúíóåõæÏö ٱáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÈöÇáÓíøÏ ÇáãÓíÍ¡ æóáóßöäøóåõãú áóãú íóÞúÈóáõæÇ ٱáÊøóÍóæøõáó ٱáúßõáøöíøó Åöáóì ٱáúãóÓöíÍöíøóÉö ÈöãóÝúåõæãöåóÇ ٱáøóÐöí ٱäúÊóÔóÑó áóÇÍöÞðÇ Úóáóì íóÏö ٱáÑøõÓõáö¡ ÎóÇÕøóÉð ãóÇ äõÓöÈó Åöáóì ÈõæáõÓó. æóÞóÏú ÊóãóÓøóßõæÇ ÈöٱáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö ٱáúãõæÓóæöíøóÉö¡ æóÑóÃóæúÇ æõÌõæÈó ٱáöٱáúÊöÒóÇãö ÈöåóÇ Úóáóì ßõáøö ãóäú íóÊøóÈöÚõ ٱáúãóÓöíÍó. æóٱÓúãõ “ٱáúÃóÈöíõæäöíøóÉö” ãõÔúÊóÞøñ ãöäú ßóáöãóÉò ÊóÚúäöí “ٱáúÝõÞóÑóÇÁó”¡ æóíõÞúÕóÏõ ÈöåóÇ ÅãøóÇ ٱáúÝóÞúÑõ ٱáúãóÇÏøöíøõ Ãóæö ٱáÊøóæóÇÖõÚõ ٱáÏøöíäöíøõ¡ æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ٱáöٱÓúãõ áóÞóÈðÇ ÃõØúáöÞó Úóáóíúåöãú ãöäú ÞöÈóáö ÎõÕõæãöåöãú.
ÊóãóíøóÒóÊö ٱáúÃóÈöíõæäöíøóÉõ ÈöÚöÏøóÉö ÃõÕõæáò ÚóÞóÏöíøóÉò¡ ãöäú ÃóÈúÑóÒöåóÇ:
1. äóÝúíõ ÃõáõæåöíøóÉö ٱáúãóÓöíÍö: ßóÇäõæÇ íóÑóæúäó Ãóäøó ÇáãÓíÍ ÅöäúÓóÇäñ ÈóÔóÑöíøñ ãõÎúÊóÇÑñ ãöäó ٱááøóåö¡ æóáóíúÓó ÅöáóåðÇ æóáóÇ ٱÈúäó Åöáóåò.
2. ٱáöٱáúÊöÒóÇãõ ÈöٱáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö ٱáúíóåõæÏöíøóÉö: ÃóæúÌóÈõæÇ ٱáúÎöÊóÇäó¡ æóٱáöٱáúÊöÒóÇãó ÈöٱáØøóÚóÇãö ٱáúãóÍúÏõæÏö¡ æóÈóÞöíøóÉö ÃóÍúßóÇãö ٱáÊøóæúÑóÇÉö.
3. ÑóÝúÖõ ÊóÚóÇáöíãö ÈõæáõÓó: ٱÚúÊóÈóÑõæÇ ÈõæáõÓó ãõÍóÑøöÝðÇ áöÏöíäö ٱáúãóÓöíÍö¡ æóÑóÝóÖõæÇ ÑöÓóÇáóÇÊöåö.
4. ٱáöٱÚúÊöãóÇÏõ Úóáóì ÅöäúÌöíáò ÎóÇÕøò: ßóÇäó áóåõãú äóÕøñ íõäúÓóÈõ Åöáóì ãóÊøóì¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ãõÎúÊóáöÝñ Úóäö ٱáäøõÓóÎö ٱáúãóÚúÑõæÝóÉö.
5. ٱáÒøõåúÏõ æóٱáÊøóÞóÔøõÝõ: ãóÇáõæÇ Åöáóì ÍóíóÇÉö ٱáÒøõåúÏö æóٱáÊøóÈóÓøõØö Ýöí ٱáÏøõäúíóÇ.
ٱäúÊóÔóÑóÊö ٱáúÃóÈöíõæäöíøóÉõ Ýöí ÝöáóÓúØöíä æóÓõæÑöíóÇ¡ Ëõãøó ÊóÑóÇÌóÚó äõÝõæÐõåóÇ ãóÚó ٱäúÊöÔóÇÑö ٱáúãóÓöíÍöíøóÉö ٱáúßóäóÓöíøóÉö ٱáÑøóÓúãöíøóÉö ٱáøóÊöí ÃóÞóÑøóÊú ÈöÃõáõæåöíøóÉö ٱáúãóÓöíÍö. æóÈöÍõáõæáö ٱáúÞóÑúäö ٱáÑøóÇÈöÚö ٱáúãöíáóÇÏöíøö¡ ßóÇÏóÊú åóÐöåö ٱáúÝöÑúÞóÉõ Ãóäú ÊóÎúÊóÝöí¡ æóáóãú íóÈúÞó áóåóÇ æõÌõæÏñ ãõäóÙøóãñ.
áóãú íõÚúÑóÝú áöáúÃóÈöíõæäöíøóÉö ãõÄóÓøöÓñ æóÇÍöÏñ ÈöٱáöٱÓúãö¡ Èóáú åöíó ÊóíøóÇÑñ äóÔóÃó ãöäú Èóíúäö ÌóãóÇÚóÇÊò ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉò ãöäó ٱáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ٱáúÃõæóáö. ÃóãøóÇ ٱáúíóæúãó¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊõæÌóÏõ ÝöÑúÞóÉñ ÊõÓóãøöí äóÝúÓóåóÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ ٱáöٱÓúãö¡ æóáóßöäú íõÔöíÑõ ÈóÚúÖõ ٱáúÈóÇÍöËöíäó Åöáóì æõÌõæÏö ÃóÝúßóÇÑò ãõÊóÔóÇÈöåóÉò Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ٱáÊøóíøóÇÑóÇÊö ٱáÏøöíäöíøóÉö ٱáøóÊöí ÊõäúßöÑõ ÃõáõæåöíøóÉó ٱáúãóÓöíÍö æóÊõÄóßøöÏõ ÈóÔóÑöíøóÊóåõ.
Åöäøó ÏöÑóÇÓóÉó ٱáúÃóÈöíõæäöíøóÉö ÊõÙúåöÑõ ãóÑúÍóáóÉð ãõÈóßøöÑóÉð ãöäó ٱáöٱÎúÊöáóÇÝö ٱáÏøöíäöíøö Ýöí ÊóÇÑöíÎö ٱáúãóÓöíÍöíøóÉö¡ æóÊõÈóíøöäõ ßóíúÝó ÊóÔóßøóáóÊö ٱáúÚóÞóÇÆöÏõ æóÊóØóæøóÑóÊú ÚóÈúÑó ٱáÒøóãóÇäö. æóÚóáóì ٱáÑøóÛúãö ãöäö ٱÎúÊöÝóÇÁö åóÐöåö ٱáúÝöÑúÞóÉö¡ ÝóÅöäøó ÃóËóÑóåóÇ ٱáúÝößúÑöíøó íóÈúÞóì ãóæúÖõæÚðÇ ãõåöãøðÇ áöáúÈóÍúËö æóٱáÏøöÑóÇÓóÉö Ýöí ÊóÇÑöíÎö ٱáúÃóÏúíóÇäö¡ áóãú Êóßõäö ٱáúÃóÈöíõæäöíøóÉõ ãõäúÊóÔöÑóÉð Ýöí Ïõæóáö ٱáúÎóáöíÌö ٱáúÚóÑóÈöíøö. ÝóÍóÓóÈó ãóÇ ÊõÌúãöÚõ Úóáóíúåö ٱáúãóÕóÇÏöÑõ ٱáÊøóÇÑöíÎöíøóÉõ¡ ßóÇäó æõÌõæÏõ ٱáúÃóÈöíõæäöíøöíäó ãóÍúÏõæÏðÇ ÈöÔóßúáò ÑóÆöíÓöíøò Ýöí ÈöáóÇÏö ٱáÔøóÇãö¡ ÎóÇÕøóÉð ÝöáóÓúØöíä æóãóÇ ÍóæúáóåóÇ¡ ãóÚó ÈóÚúÖö ٱáöٱãúÊöÏóÇÏö Åöáóì ÃóÌúÒóÇÁò ãöäú ÓõæÑöíóÇ æóÔóãóÇáö ٱáúÌóÒöíÑóÉö ٱáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö.
ÃóãøóÇ ãóäóÇØöÞõ ٱáúÎóáöíÌö ٱáúÚóÑóÈöíøö (ãöËúáõ ٱáúíóãóÇãóÉö æóٱáúÈóÍúÑóíúäö ٱáúÞóÏöíãóÉö æóÚõãóÇä)¡ Ýóáóãú ÊóÑöÏú ÝöíåóÇ ÃóÏöáøóÉñ ÊóÇÑöíÎöíøóÉñ ãóæúËõæÞóÉñ ÊõËúÈöÊõ æõÌõæÏó ٱáúÃóÈöíõæäöíøóÉö ßóÝöÑúÞóÉò ãõäóÙøóãóÉò. ßóÇäóÊú åõäóÇßó ÝöíåóÇ ÈóÚúÖõ ٱáúÌóãóÇÚóÇÊö ٱáúãóÓöíÍöíøóÉö ٱáúãõÈóßøöÑóÉö (ÎóÇÕøóÉð Úóáóì ٱáÓøóæóÇÍöáö ٱáÔøóÑúÞöíøóÉö)¡ æóáóßöäøóåóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÃóÞúÑóÈó Åöáóì ٱáúãóÐóÇåöÈö ٱáúãóÓöíÍöíøóÉö ٱáúãóÚúÑõæÝóÉö ÂäóÐóÇßó¡ æóáóíúÓó ãöäó ٱáúãõÄóßøóÏö ÃóäøóåóÇ ÊóÈóäøóÊú ÃóÝúßóÇÑó ٱáúÃóÈöíõæäöíøöíäó.
æóÈöÔóßúáò ÚóÇãøò¡ íõãúßöäõ ٱáúÞóæúáõ Åöäøó ٱáúÃóÈöíõæäöíøóÉó ÈóÞöíóÊú ÙóÇåöÑóÉð ãóÍúáöíøóÉð ãõÑúÊóÈöØóÉð ÈöٱáúÈöíÆóÉö ٱáÔøóÇãöíøóÉö ٱáúíóåõæÏöíøóÉö - ٱáúãóÓöíÍöíøóÉö¡ æóáóãú ÊóäúÊóÔöÑú ٱäúÊöÔóÇÑðÇ æóÇÓöÚðÇ Ýöí ÃóÚúãóÇÞö ٱáúÌóÒöíÑóÉö ٱáúÚóÑóÈöíøóÉö¡ æóÎóÇÕøóÉð ãóäóÇØöÞö ٱáúÎóáöíÌö.
ÝõÄóÇÏ ÒóÇÏöíßöí
ٱáúÃóÈöíõæäöíøóÉõ åöíó ÝöÑúÞóÉñ ÏöíäöíøóÉñ ÞóÏöíãóÉñ ÙóåóÑóÊú Ýöí ÈóÏóÇíóÇÊö ٱáúÞõÑõæäö ٱáúãöíáóÇÏöíøóÉö ٱáúÃõæáóì¡ æóÊõÚóÏøõ ãöäó ٱáúÝöÑóÞö ٱáøóÊöí ٱäúÊóÓóÈóÊú Åöáóì ٱáúãóÓöíÍöíøóÉö ٱáúÃõæáóì ãóÚó ٱÍúÊöÝóÇÙöåóÇ ÈöÈóÚúÖö ٱáúãõÄóËøöÑóÇÊö ٱáúíóåõæÏöíøóÉö. æóÞóÏö ٱÎúÊóáóÝó ٱáúãõÄóÑøöÎõæäó Ýöí ÊóÝúÕöíáö äóÔúÃóÊöåóÇ¡ ÅöáøóÇ Ãóäøóåõãú íóÊøóÝöÞõæäó Úóáóì ÃóäøóåóÇ ÙóåóÑóÊú Ýöí ÈöáóÇÏö ٱáÔøóÇãö¡ æóÎóÇÕøóÉð Ýöí ÝöáóÓúØöíä æóãóÇ ÍóæúáóåóÇ¡ Ýöí ÃóæóÇÎöÑö ٱáúÞóÑúäö ٱáúÃóæøóáö ٱáúãöíáóÇÏöíøö.
íõÚúÊóÞóÏõ Ãóäøó ٱáúÃóÈöíõæäöíøöíäó ßóÇäõæÇ Ýöí ٱáúÃóÕúáö ãöäó ٱáúíóåõæÏö ٱáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇ ÈöÇáÓíøÏ ÇáãÓíÍ¡ æóáóßöäøóåõãú áóãú íóÞúÈóáõæÇ ٱáÊøóÍóæøõáó ٱáúßõáøöíøó Åöáóì ٱáúãóÓöíÍöíøóÉö ÈöãóÝúåõæãöåóÇ ٱáøóÐöí ٱäúÊóÔóÑó áóÇÍöÞðÇ Úóáóì íóÏö ٱáÑøõÓõáö¡ ÎóÇÕøóÉð ãóÇ äõÓöÈó Åöáóì ÈõæáõÓó. æóÞóÏú ÊóãóÓøóßõæÇ ÈöٱáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö ٱáúãõæÓóæöíøóÉö¡ æóÑóÃóæúÇ æõÌõæÈó ٱáöٱáúÊöÒóÇãö ÈöåóÇ Úóáóì ßõáøö ãóäú íóÊøóÈöÚõ ٱáúãóÓöíÍó. æóٱÓúãõ “ٱáúÃóÈöíõæäöíøóÉö” ãõÔúÊóÞøñ ãöäú ßóáöãóÉò ÊóÚúäöí “ٱáúÝõÞóÑóÇÁó”¡ æóíõÞúÕóÏõ ÈöåóÇ ÅãøóÇ ٱáúÝóÞúÑõ ٱáúãóÇÏøöíøõ Ãóæö ٱáÊøóæóÇÖõÚõ ٱáÏøöíäöíøõ¡ æóÞóÏú íóßõæäõ ٱáöٱÓúãõ áóÞóÈðÇ ÃõØúáöÞó Úóáóíúåöãú ãöäú ÞöÈóáö ÎõÕõæãöåöãú.
ÊóãóíøóÒóÊö ٱáúÃóÈöíõæäöíøóÉõ ÈöÚöÏøóÉö ÃõÕõæáò ÚóÞóÏöíøóÉò¡ ãöäú ÃóÈúÑóÒöåóÇ:
1. äóÝúíõ ÃõáõæåöíøóÉö ٱáúãóÓöíÍö: ßóÇäõæÇ íóÑóæúäó Ãóäøó ÇáãÓíÍ ÅöäúÓóÇäñ ÈóÔóÑöíøñ ãõÎúÊóÇÑñ ãöäó ٱááøóåö¡ æóáóíúÓó ÅöáóåðÇ æóáóÇ ٱÈúäó Åöáóåò.
2. ٱáöٱáúÊöÒóÇãõ ÈöٱáÔøóÑöíÚóÉö ٱáúíóåõæÏöíøóÉö: ÃóæúÌóÈõæÇ ٱáúÎöÊóÇäó¡ æóٱáöٱáúÊöÒóÇãó ÈöٱáØøóÚóÇãö ٱáúãóÍúÏõæÏö¡ æóÈóÞöíøóÉö ÃóÍúßóÇãö ٱáÊøóæúÑóÇÉö.
3. ÑóÝúÖõ ÊóÚóÇáöíãö ÈõæáõÓó: ٱÚúÊóÈóÑõæÇ ÈõæáõÓó ãõÍóÑøöÝðÇ áöÏöíäö ٱáúãóÓöíÍö¡ æóÑóÝóÖõæÇ ÑöÓóÇáóÇÊöåö.
4. ٱáöٱÚúÊöãóÇÏõ Úóáóì ÅöäúÌöíáò ÎóÇÕøò: ßóÇäó áóåõãú äóÕøñ íõäúÓóÈõ Åöáóì ãóÊøóì¡ æóáóßöäøóåõ ãõÎúÊóáöÝñ Úóäö ٱáäøõÓóÎö ٱáúãóÚúÑõæÝóÉö.
5. ٱáÒøõåúÏõ æóٱáÊøóÞóÔøõÝõ: ãóÇáõæÇ Åöáóì ÍóíóÇÉö ٱáÒøõåúÏö æóٱáÊøóÈóÓøõØö Ýöí ٱáÏøõäúíóÇ.
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áóãú íõÚúÑóÝú áöáúÃóÈöíõæäöíøóÉö ãõÄóÓøöÓñ æóÇÍöÏñ ÈöٱáöٱÓúãö¡ Èóáú åöíó ÊóíøóÇÑñ äóÔóÃó ãöäú Èóíúäö ÌóãóÇÚóÇÊò ãõÊóÚóÏøöÏóÉò ãöäó ٱáúãõÄúãöäöíäó ٱáúÃõæóáö. ÃóãøóÇ ٱáúíóæúãó¡ ÝóáóÇ ÊõæÌóÏõ ÝöÑúÞóÉñ ÊõÓóãøöí äóÝúÓóåóÇ ÈöåóÐóÇ ٱáöٱÓúãö¡ æóáóßöäú íõÔöíÑõ ÈóÚúÖõ ٱáúÈóÇÍöËöíäó Åöáóì æõÌõæÏö ÃóÝúßóÇÑò ãõÊóÔóÇÈöåóÉò Ýöí ÈóÚúÖö ٱáÊøóíøóÇÑóÇÊö ٱáÏøöíäöíøóÉö ٱáøóÊöí ÊõäúßöÑõ ÃõáõæåöíøóÉó ٱáúãóÓöíÍö æóÊõÄóßøöÏõ ÈóÔóÑöíøóÊóåõ.
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